我们研究了具有预处理结果数据的实验研究的最佳设计。估计平均处理效果是治疗和控制单元的加权平均结果之间的差异。许多常用的方法符合该配方,包括差分估计器和各种合成控制技术。我们提出了几种方法,用于结合重量选择一组处理的单位。观察问题的NP硬度,我们介绍了混合整数编程配方,可选择处理和控制集和单位权重。我们证明,这些提出的方法导致定性不同的实验单元进行治疗。我们根据美国劳动统计局的公开数据使用模拟,这些数据在与随机试验等简单和常用的替代品相比时,表现出平均平方误差和统计功率的改进。
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While the capabilities of autonomous systems have been steadily improving in recent years, these systems still struggle to rapidly explore previously unknown environments without the aid of GPS-assisted navigation. The DARPA Subterranean (SubT) Challenge aimed to fast track the development of autonomous exploration systems by evaluating their performance in real-world underground search-and-rescue scenarios. Subterranean environments present a plethora of challenges for robotic systems, such as limited communications, complex topology, visually-degraded sensing, and harsh terrain. The presented solution enables long-term autonomy with minimal human supervision by combining a powerful and independent single-agent autonomy stack, with higher level mission management operating over a flexible mesh network. The autonomy suite deployed on quadruped and wheeled robots was fully independent, freeing the human supervision to loosely supervise the mission and make high-impact strategic decisions. We also discuss lessons learned from fielding our system at the SubT Final Event, relating to vehicle versatility, system adaptability, and re-configurable communications.
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Tongue cancer is a common oral cavity malignancy that originates in the mouth and throat. Much effort has been invested in improving its diagnosis, treatment, and management. Surgical removal, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy remain the major treatment for tongue cancer. The survival of patients determines the treatment effect. Previous studies have identified certain survival and risk factors based on descriptive statistics, ignoring the complex, nonlinear relationship among clinical and demographic variables. In this study, we utilize five cutting-edge machine learning models and clinical data to predict the survival of tongue cancer patients after treatment. Five-fold cross-validation, bootstrap analysis, and permutation feature importance are applied to estimate and interpret model performance. The prognostic factors identified by our method are consistent with previous clinical studies. Our method is accurate, interpretable, and thus useable as additional evidence in tongue cancer treatment and management.
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We propose parameterizing the population distribution of the gravitational wave population modeling framework (Hierarchical Bayesian Analysis) with a normalizing flow. We first demonstrate the merit of this method on illustrative experiments and then analyze four parameters of the latest LIGO/Virgo data release: primary mass, secondary mass, redshift, and effective spin. Our results show that despite the small and notoriously noisy dataset, the posterior predictive distributions (assuming a prior over the parameters of the flow) of the observed gravitational wave population recover structure that agrees with robust previous phenomenological modeling results while being less susceptible to biases introduced by less-flexible distribution models. Therefore, the method forms a promising flexible, reliable replacement for population inference distributions, even when data is highly noisy.
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Planet formation is a multi-scale process in which the coagulation of $\mathrm{\mu m}$-sized dust grains in protoplanetary disks is strongly influenced by the hydrodynamic processes on scales of astronomical units ($\approx 1.5\times 10^8 \,\mathrm{km}$). Studies are therefore dependent on subgrid models to emulate the micro physics of dust coagulation on top of a large scale hydrodynamic simulation. Numerical simulations which include the relevant physical effects are complex and computationally expensive. Here, we present a fast and accurate learned effective model for dust coagulation, trained on data from high resolution numerical coagulation simulations. Our model captures details of the dust coagulation process that were so far not tractable with other dust coagulation prescriptions with similar computational efficiency.
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光环伴形培养基中的离子气体通过热阳光阳光层(TSZ)效应在宇宙微波背景上留下烙印。来自活性银河核(AGN)和超新星的反馈会影响晕孔集成TSZ通量的测量($ y_ \ mathrm {sz} $),并导致其与光晕质量的关系($ y_ \ mathrm {sz} -mm $ )偏离病毒定理的自相似幂律预测。我们对使用骆驼,一套流体动力模拟的套件进行了全面研究,反馈处方的差异很大。我们使用两个机器学习工具(随机森林和符号回归)的组合来搜索$ y-m $关系的类似物,这对低质量的反馈过程($ m \ sillesim 10^{14} \,h^, {-1} \,m_ \ odot $);我们发现,仅替换$ y \ rightarrow y(1+m _*/m_ \ mathrm {gas})$在关系中使其非常相似。这可以用作低质量簇和星系组的强大多波长质量代理。我们的方法通常对于提高其他天体分级关系的有效性领域通常也很有用。我们还预测,$ y-m $关系的测量值可以在反馈参数的某些组合和/或排除超级新闻和AGN反馈模型的主要部分,以提供百分比的约束。艺术流体动力模拟。我们的结果对于使用即将进行的SZ调查(例如SO,CMB-S4)和Galaxy Surveys(例如Desi和Rubin)来限制Baryonic反馈的性质。最后,我们发现,$ y-m _*$的另一种关系提供了有关反馈的补充信息,而不是$ y-m $。
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手动相互作用的研究需要为高维多手指模型产生可行的掌握姿势,这通常依赖于分析抓取的合成,从而产生脆弱且不自然的结果。本文介绍了Grasp'd,这是一种与已知模型和视觉输入的可区分接触模拟的掌握方法。我们使用基于梯度的方法作为基于采样的GRASP合成的替代方法,该方法在没有简化假设的情况下失败,例如预先指定的接触位置和本本特征。这样的假设限制了掌握发现,尤其是排除了高接触功率掌握。相比之下,我们基于模拟的方法允许即使对于具有高度自由度的抓地力形态,也可以稳定,高效,物理逼真,高接触抓紧合成。我们确定并解决了对基于梯度的优化进行掌握模拟的挑战,例如非平滑对象表面几何形状,接触稀疏性和坚固的优化景观。 GRASP-D与人类和机器人手模型的分析掌握合成相比,并且结果抓紧超过4倍,超过4倍,从而导致较高的GRASP稳定性。视频和代码可在https://graspd-eccv22.github.io/上获得。
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尽管过度拟合并且更普遍地,双重下降在机器学习中无处不在,但增加了最广泛使用的张量网络的参数数量,但矩阵乘积状态(MPS)通常会导致先前研究中的测试性能单调改善。为了更好地理解由MPS参数参数的体系结构的概括属性,我们构建了人工数据,这些数据可以由MPS精确建模并使用不同数量的参数训练模型。我们观察到一维数据的模型过于拟合,但也发现,对于更复杂的数据而言,过度拟合的意义较低,而对于MNIST图像数据,我们找不到任何过拟合的签名。我们推测,MPS的概括属性取决于数据的属性:具有一维数据(MPS ANSATZ是最合适的)MPS容易拟合的数据,而使用更复杂的数据,该数据不能完全适合MPS,过度拟合过度。可能不那么重要。
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通过将导航参数组装成矩阵lie组状态,相应的惯性导航系统(INS)运动模型具有群体属性属性。导航状态估计误差的谎言对数满足对数线性自主微分方程的满足。这些对数线性模型仍然适用,即使有任意的初始错误,这对于INS初始对齐非常有吸引力。但是,在现有的作品中,对数线性模型均基于一阶线性化近似来得出,这似乎与他们在INS初始对齐中的成功应用与较大的未对准相反。在这项工作中,可以证明也可以在没有任何近似值的情况下得出对数线性模型,首次在矩阵lie组SE_2(3)中给出了连续时间的左右不变误差的误差动力学。这项工作为在任意初始错误的情况下为对数线性模型的有效性提供了另一个证据。
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我们开发了一种新类型的模型,以解决通过构建$ \ mathrm {so}^{+}(2,1)$ ecurivariant神经网络来解决多模式光纤的传输效果的任务。该模型利用了已知存在于纤维斑点模式中已知的方位角相关性,并且自然说明了输入和斑点模式之间的空间布置差异。此外,我们使用第二个后处理网络去除圆形伪像,填充间隙并锐化图像,这是由于光纤传输的性质所需的。这种两阶段的方法允许检查由更健壮的身体动机模型产生的预测图像,该模型可能在安全关键的应用程序中或两种模型的输出,从而产生高质量的图像。此外,该模型可以扩展到以前无法实现的成像分辨率,并在256美元\ times 256 $像素图像上显示出来。这是将可训练的参数需求从$ \ MATHCAL {O}(n^4)$提高到$ \ Mathcal {o}(M)$的结果,其中$ n $是像素大小,$ m $是光纤数模式。最后,该模型将在培训数据类别之外的新图像中概括,比以前的模型更好。
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